Aho kuzishyura ibishingwe by’umuturage ntibyaba bikiri kure nk’ukwezi?

Uyu mushinga wavugwaga ko ari gahunda izahera mu mujyi wa Kigali, bamara kubona bishoboka bakawukomereza no mu zindi ntara, ugakwira igihugu cyose.

Wumvise aya makuru wakumva ari ibintu byiza cyane kandi bizafasha benshi, dore ko yaba umuturage uzishyurwa ibishingwe, yaba na Rwiyemezamirimo uzabibyaza umusaruro bose bakunguka. 

Umuturage hejuru yo kuba yaba atazongera kwishyura ngo bamutwarire ibishingwe, yaba agiye no kubikuramo amafaranga mu gihe Rwiyemezamirimo nawe ku ruhande rwe, yaba agiye kubona imari izamubyarira agatubutse.

Gusa wakwibaza kuki uyu mushinga uri gutinda gushyirwa mu bikorwa?

Amakuru yaturukaga muri Minisiteri y’Ibidukikije ndetse no mu mujyi wa Kigali mu mpera z’umwaka wa 2021, yacaga amarenga ko umushinga wenda gutangira, hasigaye gusa kubona Rwiyemezamirimo wo kuwukora.

Ese bizakunda? Ryari?

Mu mwaka wa 2022, hatangiye kwibazwa ku mpamvu uyu mushinga waba uri kugenda biguru ntege, dore ko wegukanye akayabo ka Miliyari 1 y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda nyuma yo gutsinda mu irushanwa ryahuje uturere dutangukanye “Global Mayors Challenge” ritegurwa n’ikigo Bloomberg Philanthropies [gifite ikicaro i New York muri Amerika], mu gufasha no guteza imbere ibitekerezo by’imishinga idasanzwe byatekerejwe n’ubuyobozi bw’imijyi.

Muri gahunda byari biteganyijwe ko ari umushinga w’imyaka itatu uzashorwamo Miliyoni enye z’amayero (Arenga gato Miliyari enye ubariye mu mafaranga y’u Rwanda) nk’uko byari byatangajwe na Minisiteri y’Ibidukikije.

Uyu mushinga ushobora kuba uzahera mu nzozi

Mu kiganiro na Paulin Buregeya, umuyobozi wa COPED, imwe mu ma kompanyi amaze igihe mu byo gutwara ibishingwe dore ko ibifitemo uburambe bw’imyaka irenga 20, yadutangarije ko kuri we abona bizafata igihe kirekire kugira ngo bibashe gukunda, ndetse ntiyanatinye kuvuga ko abona ari inzozi.

Paulin Buregeya, umuyobozi wa COPED ifitemo uburambe burenze imyaka 20

Mu magambo ye, abivuze mu ndimi z’amahanga, yavuze ko uwanduza ariwe usukura bityo atabibonamo ikibazo kuba umuturage yakwishyura ngo bamutwarire imyanda. Yagize ati: “Pollueur payeur [The polluter pays] (uwanduza ni we usukura) [ni itegeko mpuzamahanga] kuko ni we uteza ikibazo, kuko adateje imyanda ntabwo habaho ikibazo cyo kuyitwara.”

Tumubajije niba abona bizashoboka kuba hazagera igihe umuturage akishyurwa imyanda kugira ngo ijye kubyazwa umusaruro, yadusubije ko ibyo abona ari inzozi.

Ati: “Nanone ndagisubiza nk’umutekinisiye, imyanda kugira ngo izagurwe yose byo njye numva ari inzozi…Ntabwo imyanda yose yagurwa y’umuturage, cyakoze imwe muri yo yagurwa, yahabwa amafaranga. Rero 'message' igomba kuba yumvikana ngo hari imyanda imwe yagurwa, yatangirwa amafaranga ariko hari 'condition' bisaba uwo muturage. Yivangure, yoze, hanyuma urabona amafaranga.

Soit ntibaza kukugurira iwawe mu rugo ariko baragushyiriraho isoko. Nk’ubu urugero aka gacupa k’amazi gasigaye gafite aho kajya bakagura. Ubu rero ni amafaranga. Ariko ntawuzaza kumugurira imyenda yashaje, inkweto zashaje, ibishishwa by’ibitoki, njye mbona ubu nonaha tutari twagera kuri urwo rwego, nta n’aho nzi babikora.”

Kuri we abona ko biramutse binashobotse ko byakorwa, byazasaba imbaraga nyinshi ku ruhande rwa Leta, kandi agasanga “bizafata igihe kirekire gishobora kujya no hejuru y’imyaka itanu”.

Umuyobozi w’Agateganyo ushinzwe iterambere rya serivisi z’amazi n’isukura muri WASAC, Murekezi Dominique, nawe yadutangarije ko abona bikigoye kugira ngo umuturage yishyurwe ibishingwe aho kugira ngo abe ari we wishyura kugira ngo babimutwarire, gusa nawe yunze mu rya Paulin Buregeya, yemeza ko harimo bimwe bishobora kwishyurwa ariko ko atari ibishingwe byose.

Yagize ati: “…Amafaranga umuturage yishyura ni ajyanye na moyenne (impuzandengo) y’ibyo biro by’abaturage bo muri ako gace, kubijyana i Nduba…”.

Ku kijyanye no kwishyura umuturage ibishingwe, yagize ati: “Iyo ‘economic value’ y’ibishingwe bisaba urugendo rurerure kugira ngo muzayigereho, kuko bitangira ubu ngubu ari ikibazo cyo kurengera ibidukikije mbere ko kiba 'Business opportunity'. Bitangira ari ikibazo, ubu niyo situation turimo, yo kurengera ibidukikije ni ukuvuga ngo kwikiza umwanda. Kwikiza umwanda hakaba hari principe ya ‘Polluter pays’; uwanduje ni we wishyura. Ni ko bitangira…. “

Dominique Murekezi, umuyobozi muri WASAC

“Bitangira,...ni imyanda ngomba gukura hano nkayijyana ahantu. Noneho ya myanda ni iyihe nshobora kubyaza umusaruro? Urugero nshobora kubishyira aha abantu bagapiganwa ngo imyanda yanjye muze muyigure? Icyo gihe ni ukuvuga ngo bifite ‘economic value’. Icyo gihe rero nibwo baba bashobora kuba abayitwara bayigura mbere y’uko umuturage yishyura ko bayimutwarira”.

Yakomeje adusobanurira ko n’ubwo bimeze bityo, imyanda myinshi ari imyanda idafite icyo ibyara, bityo hanabayeho no kwishyura byazaba ari udufaranga duke cyane kuko ibifite icyo byabyazwamo nabyo bikiri bike cyane. Muri make byagora, ndetse ntibishoboka kuba Rwiyemezamirimo yakishyura imyanda atari bugire icyo abyaza.

Imyanda yo muri Kigali mbere y’uko itangira kujyanwa kumenwa mu kimoteri cya Nduba, yamenwaga mu kimoteri cyabaga i Nyanza ya Kigali [cyaje kwimurwa muri 2012], ariko kubera uburyo byahamenwaga, hajyaga haka umuriro kubera gazi (gaz/gas) zavaga mu myanda, binumvikana ko byangizaga ikirere.

Mu kwimurira ikimoteri i Nduba, nabyo byabanje kuzamo imbogamizi kuko kuva mu mwaka wa 2012 gitangira gukoreshwa, imyanda yamenwaga n’ubundi hejuru nk’uko byagendaga i Nyanza, ibintu byaje no guteza ibibazo abaturage bari bagituriye, kugeza ubwo umunuko n’amasazi byabasangaga iwabo mu ngo.

Ibishingwe bigera i Nduba bivuye mu ngo biba bivanzemo ibibora n’ibitabora.

Mu mwaka wa 2019 ubwo WASAC yahabwaga inshingano zo kugikurikirana, yaje guha Rwiyemezamirimo akazi ko kucyitaho, ariko ubwo cyasaga nk’ikimaze kuzura kuburyo imyanda yageraga no mu muhanda.

Induba, ahamenwa ibishingwe

Rwiyemezamirimo yatangiye kwita ku kimoteri cya Nduba muri Gashyantare 2020, maze nyuma yo kwiga inyigo ikimoteri baragihindura kuburyo uhasuye uyu munsi usanga nta munuko mwinshi ukiharangwa, ndetse ntibyagutangaza uramutse uhavuye utabonye isazi n’imwe.

Mu kiganiro na Pascal Gatete, umuyobozi wa Depot Kalisimbi Limited ifite mu nshingano gucunga ikimoteri cya Nduba, yadutangarije ko kuri we abona gisigaje imyaka myinshi (yirinze kutubwira iyo ariyo) kugira ngo kibe cyakuzura. Gusa hari gahunda yo kubaka ikimoteri gishya kizabasha no gushyirwamo ikoranabuhanga rizafasha mu kubyaza umusaruro imyanda.

Barimo gukora ifumbire izahabwa abaturage ku buntu

Imyanda imenwa muri iki kimoteri cya Nduba, hafi 70% ni imyanda ikomoka ku biribwa, bisobanuye ko ari imyanda ibora ndetse ishobora kuba yabyazwa umusaruro w’ifumbire, ikintu batangiye gukora gusa hakaba hakibonekamo ifumbire nkeya ku buryo ihabwa abaturage baturiye ikimoteri, kandi bakayihabwa ku buntu.

Ubusitani bwo mu kimoteri cya Nduba