Iterambere ry’ibikorwaremezo mu Rwanda mu myaka 30 ishize ni ntashidikanwaho

Perezida Paul Kagame aherutse kuvuga ko iyo witegereje neza ubona ko u Rwanda rwa none rutandukanye kure n'u Rwanda rwo mu 1990 no mu 1994, kuko hari ibihamya bifatika bigaragazwa n’amafoto ndetse n’ubuzima bw’abaturage mu bice bitandukanye by’igihugu bwahindutse.

Umukuru w'Igihugu yavuze ko buri wese afashe umwanya wo kwitegereza amafoto yo mu 1990 kugeza mu 1994, akongera kureba amafoto ya kiriya gihe kugeza ubu, abona ko igihugu cyahindutse mu nguni zose z'ubuzima.

Urwego rw'ibikorwaremezo ni rumwe mu byagize uruhare rukomeye mu iterambere igihugu cyagezeho mu myaka 30 ishize, kuko byorohereje ubuhahirane. Uwagera mu Rwanda nyuma y’imyaka 30 ishize, ntiyazuyaza kuvuga ko u Rwanda rwazutse kandi rwiyubatse mu buryo bufatika.

1.  Kigali Convention Center

Tariki 8 Nyakanga 2016, ubwo yafunguraga ku mugaragaro inyubako ya Kigali Convention Center, Perezida Kagame yavuze ko kuzura kw’inyubako ya Kigali Convention Centre, bisobanuye intsinzi y’Abanyarwanda kuko bananiwe kenshi kuyuzuza kubera ubushobozi buke ariko ntibacike intege bikarangira bayuzuje.

Perezida Kagame yavuze ko iyi nyubako yanyuze mu maboko y’abantu benshi barimo Abashinwa, Abadage, n’Abanya- Turkiya ariko ikuzura neza. Ibi avuga ko ari ikimenyetso cy’intsinzi y’Abanyarwanda cyerekana ko icyo bashatse bakigeraho.

Yagize ati “Twagerageje kubaka iyi nyubako imyaka myinshi ishize, twaratsinzwe, bitari rimwe bitari kabiri, ndetse n’ubwa gatatu ariko kubwa kane turagerageza turatsinda, imitekerereze y’Abanyarwanda isobanuye ko twatsinzwe kenshi ariko twatsinze inshuro nyinshi kuruta izo twatsinzwe.”

2.     BK Arena

Inyubako ya BK Arena iherereye i Remera mu Mujyi wa Kigali yatashywe ku mugaragaro kuwa 9 Kanama 2019. Yakira abantu ibihumbi 10 bicaye neza. Nyuma yo gutahwa, iyi nyubako yakiriye ibirori, ibitaramo n’amarushanwa atandukanye arimo igikombe cya Afurika muri Basketball na Volleyball.

BK Arena yahoze yitwa Kigali Arena, yahinduye izina nyuma y’uko Banki ya Kigali [BK] iguze uburenganzira bwo kuyitirirwa kuri miliyari 7 Frw, mu gihe cy’imyaka itandatu. Ni amasezerano yashyizweho umukono ku wa Kabiri tariki 24 Gicurasi 2022, hagati ya BK Group Plc na QA Venue Solutions Rwanda, ikigo cyatsindiye gucunga iyi nyubako mu gihe cy’imyaka irindwi guhera mu 2020.

3.     Sitade

Nyuma y’imyaka 34 ishize Sitade Amahoro ifatwa nka Sitade ya mbere mu Rwanda, ibikorwa byo kuyivugurura kuri ubu byayishyize ku rwego mpuzamahanga ku buryo yatangiye kwifuzwa n’abo mu bihugu by’abaturanyi.

Nimara kuzura neza, Iyi sitade izaba ifite ubushozi bwo kwakira abantu ibihumbi 45 bicaye neza, bikaba biteganyijwe ko ari yo izakira igikombe cy’Isi cy’abakanyujijeho muri Ruhago kizabera mu Rwanda muri Nzeri 2024.

Mu gihe cy’amezi ane, imirimo yo kuvugurura Sitade ya Huye ikajya ku rwego mpuzamahanga, byatwaye amafaranga y’u Rwanda asaga miliyari icumi.

Iyi sitade Huye yuzuye hari hamaze amezi ane ivugururwa kugira ngo yuzuze amabwiriza CAF yashyizeho yo kwakira imikino ku rwego rw’umugabane wa Afurika.

Mu Rwanda kandi, hari hari izindi sitade zikomeye zirimo n’iya  Pelé iherereye i Nyamirambo yitiriwe umunyabigwi w’Umunya-Brésil, Edson Arantes do Nascimento ’Pelé’, witabye Imana ku wa 29 Ukuboza 2022.

4.     Imihanda

Mu myaka irindwi gusa, imihanda mu gihugu habarurwa ibilometero 1,600 bya kaburimbo yubatswe indi irasanwa, mu gihe ibirometero 3,700 by'imihanda y'imigendererano (Feeder roads) nayo yatunganyijwe, ibilometero 2,160 muri rusange byamaze gushyirwaho amatara.

5.     Amashuri

Mu myaka 30 ishize Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ihagaritswe, imwe mu mpinduka ikomeye kandi igaragara, ni umubare munini w’Abanyarwanda bashoboye kwiga. Imyinshi mu miryango niba atari buri muryango uramutse ufashe umuryango wagutse, ifite umuntu cyangwa abantu barenze umwe bize amashuri abanza n’ayisumbuye. Ndetse n’abize kaminuza ni benshi, haba izo mu Rwanda cyangwa izo mu mahanga.

Amashuri abanza n’ayisumbuye yikubye kabiri karenga. Mu 1994 yose hamwe yari 2,162 mu gihe mu mwaka w’amashuri 2021/22 yari amaze kuba 4,842. Muri yo, amashuri ya Leta n’afatanya na Leta ku bw’amasezerano yari 1994 ubwo Jenoside yabaga, arazamuka agera kuri 3,633 mu mwaka w’amashuri wa 2021/22.

Ubwo Jenoside yabaga, amashuri yigenga yose akubiyemo abanza n’ayisumbuye yari 168 naho muri 2021/22, aya mashuri yari 1,209. Mu gihugu hose, muri 1994, amashuri abanza yose hamwe yari 1882 afite abanyeshuri 1, 174, 448 bigishwa n’abarimu 19,906. Mu mwaka w’amashuri 2021, amashuri yari amaze kuba 3,831 afite abanyeshuri 2,742,901 bigishwa n’abarimu 63,046.

Mu 1994 umubare w’amashuri yisumbuye harimo n’ayigishaga tekinike, imyuga n’ubumenyingiro (TVET)yose hamwe yari 280, arimo abanyeshuri 36,815 bigishwa n’abarimu 2,330. Mu mwaka w’amashuri 2021, aya mashuri yisumbuye arimo n’ayigisha tekinike, imyuga n’ubumenyingiro yabaye 2,377 arimo abanyeshuri 813,789 bigishwa n’abarimu 29,619.

Umubare w’amashuri yose y’imyuga mu mwaka w’amashuri 1995/96 wari 71 arimo abanyeshuri 8,736. Mu mwaka wa 2021, umubare w’aya mashuri wari 422 yigamo abanyeshuri 83,458.

Mu mwaka wa 1994, kaminuza y’u Rwanda n’ amashuri makuru, aya Leta n’ayigenga byari 7 yigamo abanyeshuri 3,728; n’aho ubu kaminuza n’amashuri makuru ni 39, yigamo abanyeshuri 95,863. Abarimu ba kaminuza y’u Rwanda bari 1,031 muri Mutarama 1991 mu gihe kugera muri Mutarama 2024 bari 1,930.

6.     Amavuriro

Leta yashyize imbaraga mu kwegereza abaturage ubuvuzi bw’ibanze kugira ngo bagabanye ingendo ndende bakoraga bajya kwivuza. Ingaruka z’ingendo ndende zabagamo imfu, abandi bakishyura amafaranga y’umuregera.

Umuntu urwaye mu Rwanda abona serivisi guhera ku ivuriro rito rizwi nka Poste de santé kugeza ku bitaro bitanga serivisi zajyaga gushakirwa mu bihugu by’amahanga, nyamara mu myaka 30 ishize si ko byari biri kuko hari igihe igihugu cyari gifite abaganga 112 gusa.

Mu Rwanda hari abaforomo barenga 14.200, ab’igitsinagore ni 9200 mu gihe ababyaza bagera ku 2110 barimo abagore 1576 n’abagabo 534. Ni mu gihe ibitaro biri mu gihugu bigeze kuri 52, birimo ibyo ku rwego rw’akarere 40 bishobora gutanga serivisi z’ubuvuzi bwisumbuye nko kubaga ababyeyi bagowe no kubyara neza, ibibyimba n’izindi ndwara zikeneye kubagwa hifashishijwe ibikoresho byo ku rwego rwo hejuru kimwe n’abakozi benshi kandi bafite ubumenyi buri hejuru.

Ibigo nderabuzima biri hirya no hino ni 513, naho Poste de santé zimaze kuba 1252. Leta ifite gahunda yo gukuba kane abakozi bose bakora mu mavuriro, binyuze mu kuzamura umubare w’abasoza amashuri y’ubuvuzi bakava ku 2000 ku mwaka bakagera ku bihumbi umunani.

7.     Inganda

Mu myaka 30 ishize inganda zabarizwaga i Kigali, na zo ari mbarwa kuko uretse urwa Mironko, urw’itabi, urw’amasabune n’urw’ibibiriti rwabaga i Huye, na Bralirwa, zagaragaraga cyane, mu byaro habaga izitonora ikawa ikagurishwa ku giciro gito.

Politiki y’Igihugu ijyanye no guteza imbere inganda yemejwe mu 2011, bituma mu turere twa Muhanga, Musanze, Bugesera, Huye, Nyagatare n’ahandi bashyiraho ibyanya by’inganda. Ishoramari riri mu byanya by’inganda zo mu turere dutandukanye ubu risaga miliyoni 308$, kandi zikoresha baturage benshi bo muri ibyo bice, zikanabagurira umusaruro uva mu bikorwa bitandukanye bakora.

Ni mu gihe icyanya cy’inganda cya Kigali cyo kigizwe n’inganda zirenga 156, kirimo ishoramari rirenga miliyari 2$, kigaha akazi abarenga ibihumbi 15.

Ubu inganda zifite uruhare rwa 21% mu musaruro mbumbe w’igihugu. Zinagira uruhare mu kongera umubare w’ibyo u Rwanda rwohereza mu mahanga. Ibikorerwa mu nganda byinjirije u Rwanda miliyari 1.473 Frw mu mwaka w’ingengo y’imari wa 2022/2023, mu gihe mu 2006/07 byinjije miliyari 172 Frw gusa.

8.     Amazi

Mu gihe cy’imyaka 7 gusa ishize, imiyoboro y’amazi yubatswe isaga kilometero 1800 mu bice by’imijyi na kilometero 2000 mu bice by’icyaro, mu gihe imiyoboro y’amazi yasanwe ari 191. Ibyavuye mu ibarura rusange rya 2022 bigaragaza ko Abanyarwanda bo mu ngo zingana na 82% banywa amazi meza, abo mu Mujyi wa Kigali bakaba ari bo bagerwaho n’amazi meza ku ijanisha rya 97%.

Ni mu gihe mu kwegereza amazi meza Abanyarwanda, hubatswe inganda zirindwi zitunganya amazi, harimo urwa Nzove, Kanzenze, Gihira, Kanyonyomba, Mwoya, Nkombo na Nyankore. Kugeza ubu ingano y’amazi atunganywa mu Rwanda yikubye hafi kabiri ugereranyije na 2017. Intego yari ukugera kuri metero kibe ibihumbi 303, ariko ubu zigeze kuri metero kibe ibihumbi 330.

9.     Amashanyarazi

Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Ikigo gishinzwe gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi, EDCL, Gakuba Félix, aganira na RBA yavuze ko hari icyizere cy’uko Abanyarwanda bose bazagerwaho n’amashanyarazi vuba. Ni mu gihe kuri ubu ingo zigera kuri 76% mu Rwanda zabonye amashanyarazi mu myaka 30 ishize, zivuye kuri 1% zari ziwufite mu 1994 ndetse na 10% zari zigezeho mu 2009.

Hari kandi ingomero z’amashanyarazi zubatswe zirimo urwa Rusumo ruhuriweho n’u Rwanda, u Burundi na Tanzania, rwatangiye gutanga amashanyarazi ku muyoboro mugari.

Minisiteri y’Ibikorwaremezo ivuga ko mu bihe biri imbere hari amasezerano azasinywa hagati ya Guverinoma y’u Rwanda na Banki y’Isi ndetse na Banki ya Aziya y’Ishoramari angana na miliyoni 400$, azafasha mu kugeza amashanyarazi ku bandi baturage bose basigaye.

10.  Imodoka zitwara abagenzi mu buryo bwa rusange

Mbere ya Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi 1994 na nyuma yaho, mu Rwanda habagaho ikigo gishinzwe gutwara abantu cyitwaga ONATRACOM imodoka zacyo zajyaga mu byaro hirya no hino cyane cyane ahabaga imihanda y’igitaka zifasha abaturage mu ngendo zabo za buri munsi.

ONATRACOM yatangiye gukora mu 1978, bigeze mu 2013 bigaragara ko itagitanga serivisi nziza, mu Ukuboza 2015 hashyirwaho ikigo cyo kuyisimbura kitwa RITCO. 

Nk’uko byagiye bitangazwa mu myaka yashize n’ubuyobozi bwa ONATRACOM, ngo yabonaga imodoka zigera ku 100 kandi zose ari inkunga zatangwaga n’igihugu cy’u Buyapani ariko kubera imiterere mibi y’imihanda yo mu Rwanda ndetse n’icyaro zakoreragamo zarangirikaga bigatuma intego ubuyobozi bwayo bwihaye mu gutanga serivisi nziza itagerwaho uko bikwiriye.

Ku ya 23 Mutarama 2024, ubwo yagaragazaga ibyagezweho muri gahunda ya Guverinoma y’imyaka irindwi, NST1, kuva mu 2017-2024, hagamijwe kwihutisha iterambere rirambye, Minisitiri w’Intebe Dr Edouard Ngirente yatangaje ko Leta y’u Rwanda yafashije abikorera kugura bisi nini 200 zamaze kwishyurwa, ndetse 100 muri zo zamaze kugera mu Rwanda ndetse ziri gutwara abantu “zikaba zaragabanyije umuzigo abagenzi bagiraga wo gutegereza bisi umwanya munini.”

Ati “Izindi 100 zizaza muri Gashyantare, nyuma hari izindi zigera ku 140 zizaza mu minsi ya vuba na zo. Iyo gahunda yo kongera imodoka no kunoza uburyo bwo gutwara abagenzi irakomeje no mu bindi bice by’igihugu, izakomeza no mu ntara.”