Umuhanga mu by’imiti (Pharmacist) uzwi nka Mc Philos yasobanuye byinshi wibaza ku ndwara ya sinezite (sinusistis)

Jean Damascène NSENGEYUKURI yasoje ikiciro cya kabiri cya kaminuza mu cyahoze ari Kaminuza Nkuru y’u Rwanda (NUR) muri 2012 ; akaba agiye gusoza ikiciro cya gatatu cya kaminuza (Master’s). Kuri ubu ni umukozi w’ikigo cy’ubwiteganyirize mu Rwanda (RSSB). 

Afatanyije n’undi muhanga mu by’imiti NYIRIMANA Jean de la Paix usanzwe akorera ikigo kiranguza imiti ivura abantu kitwa Crown shoppers Medicare Ltd nawe wize ibijyanye n’imiti ivura abantu (Pharmacy) muri Kaminuza Nkuru y’u Rwanda (NUR), basobanuye byinshi ku ndwara ya sinezite (sinusitis). 

Aba basore b'abahanga mu by’imiti (pharmacists) banditse mu rugaga rw’abahanga mu by’imiti (NATIONAL PHARMACY COUNCIL). N’ubwo nta janisha ry’abanduye iyi ndwara aba bahanga mu by’imiti bashoboye kubona, bemeza ko ari indwara yibasira abantu b’ingeri zose. Iki nkuru iragaruka ku gusobanura sinezite icyo aricyo, ikiyitera, ibiyiranga, uko wayirinda ndetse n’uko wayivuza.

Mc Philos

Kubera ko amagambo yo mu buvuzi agoranye kuyashyira mu kinyarwanda,aba bahanga mu by’imiti biseguye ku basomyi ku magambo babona mu ndimi z’amahanga. NSENGEYUKURI Jean Damascène uzwi cyane nka Mc Philos ubusanzwe ni umuhanga mu by’imiti afatanije na NYIRIMANA basobanuye Sinezite icyo ari cyo. Batangarije Inyarwanda.com byinshi kuri iyi ndwara. 

Bagize bati: "Sinezite (sinusitis) ni indwara iterwa no kubyimba (inflammation) k'utwobo two mu gihanga twitwa "sinus" duhura n'inzira y'umwuka yo mu mazuru. Sinezite isobabanurwa mu buryo butandukanye ariko bwose bugahuriza hamwe. Sinezite ni imwe mu ndwara z’ubuhumekero iterwa no kubyimba k’uduhago duto cyane tuba mu gihanga tuzwi ku izina rya sinus (soma sinisi) mu ndimi z’amahanga, utu duhago rero, turagenda tukangirika kugera n’aho tubora, iyi akaba ari indwara ikunze kuzahaza abantu batari bacye aho ishobora gufata abakuru n’abato;mu gihe gito cyangwa cy’ubuzima bwose (Chronic sinusitis or chronic rhinosinusitis)."

Sinezite iterwa n’iki?

Iyi ndwara iterwa n’ibintu byinshi. Muri byo twavuga ibi bikurikira:

1. Udukoko two mu bwo bwa Virusi (cyane cyane iyo igitangira), bagiteri (bacteries) n’imiyege (champignons),

2. Kutihanganira ibintu bimwe na bimwe k'umubiri (Allergies) kwibasira ahanini imyanya y'ubuhumekero. Urugero ni ibicurane biterwa na Allergie (Rhinite Allergique);

3. Ubumuga buvukanwa bwo mu mazuru (malformation congénitale) buganisha kuri sinus,

4. Indwara z'amenyo zitavuwe neza, cyane cyane iyo ari utubyimba,

5. Amateka ya sinezite cyangwa izindi ndwara z'ubuhumekero mu muryango (genetics)

6. Imiterere n’imihindagurike by'ikirere,

7. Imyotsi y'itabi, umukungugu cg indi myuka ihumanya n'ibindi

Ibiranga iyi ndwara ya Sinezite

Indwara ya sinezite irangwa n’ibimenyetso byinshi,muri byo twavuga ibi bikurikira :

1. Kugira ibimyira byinshi mu mazuru,

2. Gufungana mu mazuru;

3. Kwitsamura;

4. Gufungana no guhumekera mu mazuru bigoranye,

5. Kumva ubabara mu maso, cyane igice cyo munsi y’amaso cg aho imyenge y’amazuru ihurira,

6. Kubabara umutwe,

7. Inkorora no kugira umuriro,

8. Kuribwa amenyo,

9. Kugira umunaniro,

10. Kugira Impumuro mbi,

11. Kuribwa umutwe w'imbere (mu ruhanga hejuru y'amaso);

12. Gufungana mu mazuru;

13. Kwitsamura;

14. Kumva umutwe uremereye;

15. Kuggabanuka ko guhumurirwa kubera amazuru afunganye,

16. Umuriro mucye no kumva utameze neza muri rusange;

17. N’ibindi byinshi.

WAKORA IKI URWAYE SINEZITE ?

1. Gerageza uruhuke kuko bigarurira umubiri agatege ko kwirwanaho

2. Jya unywa amazi ahagije, gusa si byiza ko wanywa ibinyobwa byongewemo isukari cyangwa caffeine;

3. Sibyiza ko wanywa agatama(inzoga); kuko byakongera uburyaryate bwo mu mazuru;

4. Gerageza kwiyuka umwuka ushyushye, mu mazi arimo umunyu cg ibibabi by'ibimera bigira amavuta nk'intusi (inturusu) kuko bifasha gufungura imyanya y’ubuhumekero,…...

WAKORA IKI NGO WIRINDE SINEZITE?

Sinusite yoroheje akenshi ikunda kugenda mu cyumweru kimwe cg bibiri iyo ufashe imiti neza nk’uko tuza kubibona hepfo.

Sinezite ikomeye yo isaba kureba muganga w’inzobere (dukunda kwita muganga w’inzobere muri ORL) cyangwa gukomeza gufata imiti ivura ibimenyetso biba byagaragaye nk’uko muganga yabigennye.

Nk’uko duhora tubikangurirwa mu buzima bwa buri munsi,kugira isuku ihagije, yaba aho uba cg imyambaro wambara ni ingenzi.

kwita ku isuku y’amazuru yawe hagahora hatarimo imyanda,gukoresha impapuro zabugenewe z’isuku mu mazuru zidapfuka kandi zikoreshwa rimwe gusa (usage unique) no guhita wivuza ibimenyetso mu gihe bije byagufasha kurwanya sinusite ikomeye.

Kwirinda utuntu dutumuka (harimo imikungugu cg ivumbi) cyangwa inyamaswa zifite ubwoya. Kwirinda imyuka ihumanya, nk’iy’itabi, imyuka ituruka mu nganda…Kwirinda ziriya ndwara zavuzwe haruguru sinezite ishobora kuririraho no kwihutira kuzivuza igihe wazirwaye.

MENYA IMITI IKORESHWA MU KUVURA INDWARA YA SINEZITE (SINUSITIS)

1. Imiti irwanya udukoko two mu bwoko bwa bagiteri (Antibiotics) ikoreshwa igihe muganga yamaze kubona ko urwaye sinezite ituruka kuri bagiteri. 

Iyi miti yo mu bwoko bwa antibiyotike ikoreshwa hagati y’iminsi itanu n’umunani, bitewe n’ubwoko bw’umuti wahawe iyitabazwa cyane ni: Amoxicillin, Amoxicillin-Clavulanate:Augmentin®,Ciprofloxacin, Cefuroxime, Azithromycin: Zithromax®, Levofloxacin, Cefixime (Oroken®), Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole : Bactrim®), Cefuroxime(Zinnat®),....

Ikitonderwa: iyi miti uyandikirwa na muganga ukayihabwa n’umuhanga mu by’imiti (Pharmacist)

2. Imiti ifungura mu mazuru ( Nasal decongestants):

Ikoreshwa hagati y’iminsi itatu n’irindwi. Iyi miti yagenewe gufungura inzira y’utu dufuka (sinus), bityo umwuka ugakomeza gutambuka neza. Imwe mu miti ikoreshwa cyane: Avamys, Pseudoephedrine, xylometazoline: Otrivine®) ……….

3. Imiti irwanya allergies (Antihistaminics): Ubu ni ubwoko bw’imiti yagenewe kugabanya kubyimbirwa biturutse kuri allergies zishobora gutera gufungana. Iyi miti mu gukoreshwa ugomba kuyitondera, banza ugishe inama umuhahanga mu by’imiti (pharmacist) cyangwa muganga wawe. Imwe mu miti ikoreshwa: Chlorpheniramine, Loratadine: Clarityn®), Desloratadine, Diphenhydramine, Cetirizine(Zyritec®),…………..

Ikitonderwa: Si byiza gufata iyi miti kuri sinezite idaturutse kuri allergies kuko itera kumagara mu myanya y'ubuhumekero, ni yo mpamvu mbere yo gufata imiti ari byiza kubanza kubaza umuhanga mu by’imiti cyangwa muganga wawe.

4. Imiti indwanya kubyimba cyangwa ibyimbura yo mu bwoko bwa Corticosteroids inyura mu mazuru:

Iyi nayo inyuzwa mu mazuru (nasal spray). Iyi ni miti yandikwa na muganga. Ni imiti ifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya kubyimbirwa no ikanabyimbura imiyoboro ya sinus ndetse n’aho ifungukira, ibi ikaba ariyo mpamvu nyamukuru itera sinezite nk’uko twabivuze haruguru.

Imiti ikunzwe gutangwa na muganga ni iyi ikurikira: Celestene, Beclomethasone (Beconase®), Mometasone (Nasonex®), Fluticasone (Flixonase®).

5. Imiti igabanya ububabare n'umuriro: Paracetamol,Ibuprofen...

6. Kubagwa

Sinezite ishobora kuvurwa nanone hifashishijwe kubagwa kugira ngo hakosorwe ibibazo byo mu ma sinus iyo imiti yose yanze gukora. Igihe cyose ugize ibimenyetso bya sinezite, ihutire kureba muganga agufashe.